1. TEM-EDX
TEM-The transmission electron microscope is an essential tool in all fields of scientific research including semiconductor development, biology and materials science. The JEM-2100 offers TEM images and diffraction up to 200 kV high-resolution. In addition, an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) and semi scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) image observation device are also added to the system.

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2. FESEM-EDX
FESEM - The JSM-6701F is an ultra high resolution FESEM suitable for observation of fine structures such as multi-layered film and nano-particles fabricated by the nano-technology. High resolution at 1nm (15kV) and 2.2 nm (1kV) with the maximum 2 nA probe current and without changing the objective lens aperture size. The specimen's size will be up to 200 mm diameter. In addition, an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) is attached to this system.

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3. The Low Vacuum Scanning Electron Microscope (LVSEM)
LVSEM - The Low Vacuum Scanning Electron Microscope (LVSEM) is used to observe a variety of specimen's surfaces. JSM - 6390 is high performance general purpose SEM operated up to 30 kV. It produces superior resolution at the analytical working distance of 10mm, as resolution is guaranteed at 8mm.

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400MHz Solid State NMR
Application :
Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance is the widely used technique for studying the structural properties of a vast variety of materials, including amorphous and crystalline solids. This technique is based on the behavior of the magnetic moments of some atomic nuclei under an external magnetic field, which is modulated by both the surrounding nuclei and the distribution of the electronic charge around them. Typical spectra display absorption intensity values versus resonance frequencies. The position, line shape and intensity of the signals inform of the chemical environment of the studied nuclei. This information is complementary to those obtained from other more conventional techniques employed in the characterization of condensed phases.
Detail :
Model of Instrument : Bruker AVANCE 400 MHz solid-state NMR The equipment are equipped with Broker multinuclear NMR spectrometer, CP/MAS probe, 4 mm and 7 mm with double channel, ¹H and BB (frequency range ¹⁵N - ³¹P) Pneumatic unit, that allows to spin under magic angle up to 30000 Hz, 20000 Hz and 7000 Hz, respectively. Purchasing of the instruments was RM 1.8 million (2002) and has started to utilize on January 2003.

X-Ray Diffractometer
Work Synopsis :
The X-ray facility is licensed under Lembaga Perlesenan Tenaga Atom (LPTA) and is located in the Ibnu Sina Institute, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. This Institute has a Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer, which has a Dynamic Scintillation Detector with low background (0.4 cps) and high dynamic range (up to 2 x 10⁶ cps) allowing rapid data acquisition for most samples. The instrument was fully operation commenced on February 1, 2003. The diffractometer was fully utilized by several groups in the Institute for the study of materials such as mesoporous solids, nanoparticles, organometallic, inorganic and organic microcrystalline materials.The system uses Cu K? radiation which has a wavelength of 1.54 A. Analyses are normally run using 40 kV 40 mA X-ray tube, 0.5^o divergence and antiscatter slits, and a 0.1 mm receiving slit.
The entire system is computer controlled with the necessary software for data collection and analysis. The instrument is equipped with Diffrac^Plus for better algorithms for solving analytical tasks, easy simulation and automatic refinement of measuring data and full integration into the familiar Windows environment. The diffractometer can be used for nearly all X-ray diffraction applications, such as structure research, phase analysis, stress and texture measurements.

300MHz Liquid NMR
Introduction :
The High Resolution NMR facility is a research instrument managed by Institute Ibnu Sina to provide support to magnetic resonance research related activities at the Institute and UTM. The instrument is available 24 hours per day to be used by trained researchers. The spectrometer was fully installed and commissioned in December 2002. Detail :
Model of Instrument : Bruker AVANCE 300 MHz HR NMR SpectrometerThe instrument is a narrow bore, high resolution liquid spectrometer operating at a magnetic field strength of 7 Tesla (300 MHz for 1H observation). It is equipped with single and a tunable 5 mm quad probe with pulse field gradient coil allowing the observation of Proton, Carbon- 13, Nitrogen-15, Phosphorus-31 and Fluorine-19 nuclei. The spectrometer is fully automated and is controlled by a Windows NT workstation interface. Spectrum print-out is done on a LazerJet plotter. Other features include a Bruker NMR Suite 2.6 Software Packages and a TOPSPIN Software Packages for off-line processing.

Function :
The instrument is a dedicated solution NMR spectrometer for structural characterization, dynamic studies and physical properties measurement of small organic, inorganic molecules including biomolecules dissolvable in water or organic solvents. Experiments that can be conducted are as follows: 1D Spectroscopy. Standard 1H, 13C, or any other nuclei specified above. 13C-Editting for Multiplicity Discrimination (DEPT, APT etc) Relaxation Measurement, Chemical Exchange, NOE Measurement, etc2D Spectroscopy H-H Correlation: COSY, NOESY, TOCSY H-C Correlation: HMQC, HMBC, HETCOR,

Glove Box
Work Synopsis :
There has been an increasing need for rechargeable batteries of high specific energy for portable electronic equipment. Among them, lithium-polymer batteries are being widely investigated and developed. This is because these batteries can be produced in a variety of forms, thus permitting portable batteries of the required shape to be produced readily, and enabling customization of portable-powered electronic equipment to be produced. The electrolytes can exhibit conductivity up to 10^-3 S/cm at room temperature. However, these materials have poor mechanical stability, which increases interfacial resistance during repeated charge-discharge. Blending a host polymer, which mainly accommodates liquid electrolytes with other polymer, can circumvent this problem. This study is to prepare polymer-based electrolytes in a form of thin films by blending a host polymer with several types of natural rubbers in order to improved mechanical contact between the electrolytes and the electrodes. The blending is best prepared in the glove box to minimize the presence of oxygen level and moisture that could affect the morphology and also the conductivity of the films.

Nitrogen Adsorption
Application :
Quantachrome Autosorb-1 instrument is designed for the surface area and pore size analysis of powdered and porous materials. Fully automated instrument which make it ideal for physisorption analysis. The instrument features two independent stations: one is used for sample preparation and the other one is for the analysis. As such simultaneous sample preparation and analysis on two different samples can be carried out save a lot of valuable time performing simultaneously and independently the selected preparation procedure on one sample and the analytical cycle on a second sample.
Finally, the instrument is microprocessor controlled and communicates with a XP-based PC with the dedicated data processing software which allows user to determine the best fitting method (Langmuir, single & multi point BET and Dubinin-Radushkevich methods for surface area analysis, BJH and DH methods for mesopore and MP and T-method for micropore size distribution analysis) and to compare data by overlaying or to adjust the graph or plot.

Surface Analyzer (TPDRO)
Application :
The TPDRO 1100 instrument is designed for the characterization of heterogeneous supported catalysts and reactive solids. Full automation by computer control with high accuracy detection, which make it ideal for basic research applications in catalyst characterization and quality control. TPDRO 1100 features in a single instrument includes the following:
Thermal Programmed Desorption
Thermal Programmed Reduction
Thermal Programmed Oxidation
Pulse Chemisorption
Catalyst Activation

Detail :
It usage includes metal surface area measurement, metal dispersion, activation energy, acid-base sites determination, metal aggregate size, active site and the reactivity of the catalyst as a function of temperature.The "heart" of the system is a special reactor that can be sealed from the external environment. Catalysts, after the sample activation, can be stored without time limits under a suitable inert gas atmosphere and safely transferred for analysis. The TPDRO 1100 features two independent reactor connections: one is used for catalyst pre-treatment and the other for the analysis. As such simultaneous sample preparation and analysis on two different samples can be carried out save a lot of valuable time performing simultaneously and independently the selected activation procedure on one catalyst and the analytical cycle on a second catalyst. Finally, the instrument equipped with dedicated software controls in real time of the activation steps, the analytical cycle and contains routines for data processing (baseline subtraction, integration, reporting, etc.).

Termogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Simultaneous Difference Thermal Analysis (SDTA)
Application :
The TGA/SDTA851 is a modern system for thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and simultaneous difference thermal analysis (SDTA). Its modular construction makes the TGDTA851 eminently suited for manual or fully-automatic operation which makes it ideal for basic and advance research study. In thermogravimetry weight changes of a substance which occur during a controlled temperature program and in a defined gas atmosphere are measured. In the difference thermal analysis temperature changes of a substance regarding to a reference temperature which occur during a controlled temperature program and in a defined gas atmosphere are measured. TGA/DTA is used primarily for determination of the composition of a substance and finds application in the fields of polymer, organic and inorganic analysis, the analysis of minerals and ceramics and in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.


TGA/SDTA Technical Data :
Temperature Range: 15ºC to 1500°C  (accuracy: 0.25°C )
Sample Mass Range: 0.1 µg to 5 g
Temperature precision: 0.15°C 
SDTA resolution: 0.005ºC
SDTA noise: 0.01 ºCs

DR-UV Spectrometer
Function and usage of the instrument:
"Lambda 900" is a double-beam and double-monochromator UV NISINIR spectrophotometer with holographic gratings, large collimating mirrors and microcomputer-controlled synchronized slit mechanisms. Its reflectometry system concept is the next generation of a high-class instrumentation providing excellent optical performance with the state-of-the-art electronics. A wide range of accessories is available to characterize each different type of the sample in a transmission or reflection mode. "Lambda 900" possesses excellent photometric accuracy, linearity and reproducibility specifications, ensuring almost analytical accuracy. The high-energy system enables spectral recording from 186 up to 3300 nm. The spectrophotometer provides a wide linear range with a stray light less than 0.001 % T and excellent signal-to-noise level <0.0001 absorbance units over a wide wavelength range throughout the UV, VIS and near infrared.The instrument is used to measure the transmission and adsorption radiation between the electronic energy level of a certain types of groups of atoms within the molecule in the UV-VIS and near infrared region. Molecules with chromophore (having unsaturated and heteroatoms carrying lone pair electrons,) and colored ions are the main subject of structural elucidation in the UV -VIS and near infrared region.The equipment is equipped with diffuse reflectance accessory which allows measurement of the transmission and adsorption of many kinds of solid samples. With the suitable sample holder measurements are made possible for sample such as glasses, composites, fibers, polymers, powder etc.

Wire Bonder
Application :
Machines of this bond gold wires ranging from 0.0007 in. to 0.002 in. Bonds are made by the ball-to-wedge technique using ultrasonic energy and work piece heat. Wire is clamped and threaded vertically through a hollow capillary, allowing independent feeding action. The connection is begun with a ball formed on the end of the wire stock by electric discharge, and complete by a wedge bond under the end of the capillary tool. The operator using hand/eye reference to bond targets and elevations guides the bonding tool manually.

Spectroscopic Ellipsometer
Application :
An ellipsometer is an electro-optical instrument that measures the changes in polarization state of polarized light upon its reflection from a surface at a precisely known angle of incidence and wavelength. If linearly polarized light is incident on the surface, the reflective light is, in general, elliptically polarized. The application of a 30 Angstrom thin silicon dioxide film to the surface of a semiconductor completely insulates the surface from electrical contact! A few molecular layers of a lubricant on the surface of a solid reduces friction by 80%! The reflectivity of glass can be reduced to tenths of a percent or enhanced to 99.99% by the application of multilayer films of varying reflective index and thickness in the few hundreds of Angstroms!

I-V and C-V Measurement System
Application :
The system is useful for the electrical characterization of the material, in particular semiconductors. Based on I-V and C-V plots, we are able to determine important parameters related to electronic transports in the materials. Basically the system comprises of MMR, K-20 Temperature Controller and other support accessories. A test sample is placed in MMR (small cryogenic system) under low pressure and temperature down to 80 K. I-V or C-V measurement is controlled via a computer which connect the sample to the multimeter and retrieved the data.

FT - Raman Spectrometer
Application :
To identify materials by characterising the distinctive energies of the chemical bond and to distinguish between different phases of same materials. It's also to provide information on strain and periodicity in modulated structures.

Dynamic Mechanical Analyser
Application :
To determine the elasticity found in plastics, rubbers, composites materials. It can measure the amplitude with very high degree of accuracy.

Solar Simulator